Population
4,141
2025
+4.7% since 2020
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (Vintage 2025), 2025. Resident population, July 1 estimate.
Columbia County, WA: population growth, jobs and income
Columbia County gained 95 residents between 2024 and 2025 (+2.3%).
Columbia County had an estimated 4,141 residents in 2025, up 4.7% (187 more people) since 2020. That is faster than Washington as a whole (+3.5%), and the 17th fastest growth of 39 counties in Washington.
Data as of 2025 · updated
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In the Columbia County report
One-time $99 PDF: everything on this page for Columbia County, ranked against Washington and the U.S., plus these figures that are not on the free page:
- Median gross rent$985/mo2020–24
- Vacant homes, incl. seasonal and second homes16.0%2020–24
- New homes permitted, last 12 months42025-10/2026-09
- Rent growth, 5 yearsIn the report
- Permits in 5+ unit buildingsIn the report
- IRS income moving in (net AGI)In the report
- Neighbouring-county comparison tableIn the report
What's inside: 5 pages
- 1 Summary, headline numbers and ranks (free preview)
- 2 Ranks and the neighbouring-county table
- 3 Migration, with IRS mover and income flows
- 4 Rent, vacant homes, permits and employers
- 5 Every source and the methods
Headline numbers
Net domestic migration
+96
2025
23.2 per 1,000 residents
+276 in total, 2021–2025
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (Vintage 2025), 2025. People moving in from other U.S. counties minus people moving out.
Unemployment rate
4.2%
2025
−0.5 pts since 2019
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, 2025. Annual average unemployment rate.
New homes permitted
5
2025
1.2 per 1,000 residents
Small base: the change swings on a few homes or people, so we don't show it.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2025. Housing units authorized by building permits in the year.
Median household income
$71,810
2020–24
+16.2% since 2016–20
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020–24. American Community Survey 5-year estimate.
Private-sector employment
903
2023
−2.9% since 2018
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Paid employees of private employers in mid-March (County Business Patterns).
What the numbers say
Net domestic migration added 96 people in 2025: more people moved in from other U.S. counties than moved out.
Private employers had 903 paid employees in mid-March 2023, −2.9% since 2018 (County Business Patterns).
Unemployment averaged 4.2% in 2025, 0.5 points lower than in 2019 (before the pandemic).
Builders were authorized to start 5 new homes in 2025, or 1.2 per 1,000 residents.
Median household income was $71,810 in the 2020–24 American Community Survey, +16.2% since 2016–20.
Across the 3,107 U.S. counties with a comparable estimate, its population growth ranks 663rd.
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Columbia County population by year
| Year | Population | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 4,141 | +95 |
| 2024 | 4,046 | −18 |
| 2023 | 4,064 | +43 |
| 2022 | 4,021 | +0 |
| 2021 | 4,021 | +67 |
| 2020 | 3,954 | – |
Census Bureau population estimates, July 1 of each year.
What drove the change in Columbia County
Columbia County grew by 187 people since 2020; the largest part came from domestic migration (+276).
| Component | 2025 | 2020–25 | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural changebirths minus deaths | −16 | −127 | |
| International migrationfrom and to other countries | +16 | +41 | |
| Domestic migrationfrom and to other U.S. counties | +96 | +276 | |
| Census adjustmentbalancing residual | −1 | −3 | |
| Total change | +95 | +187 |
Census Bureau population estimates, components of change, each year July 1 to June 30. The components add up to the change in the estimate; the Census adjustment is the small balancing figure the Bureau publishes.
How it ranks
| Measure | In Washington | Among U.S. counties |
|---|---|---|
| Population growth | 17th of 39 | 663rd of 3,107 |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residents | 1st of 39 | 79th of 3,108 |
| Private-sector job growth | 36th of 39 | 2,253rd of 3,092 |
| Median household income | 25th of 39 | 1,052nd of 3,107 |
| Lowest unemployment rate | 5th of 39 | 1,863rd of 3,108 |
| New homes permitted per 1,000 residents | 37th of 39 | 1,953rd of 3,005 |
1st = highest (lowest for unemployment). Counties are ranked only against others with a figure for the same period.
Get the county report — $99
The County Growth and Demographics Report for Columbia County, WA as a PDF, from federal data: population and migration, housing and rents, permits, private employers and jobs, unemployment, ranks in the state and the country, and neighbouring counties, with a source next to every number. Pay once, no subscription.
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Neighbouring counties
Over 2020–25, Columbia County's population change (+4.7%) was ahead of 4 of its 6 neighbouring counties and behind 2 (Garfield County and Franklin County).
2 of its 6 neighbouring counties had a higher median household income than Columbia County's $71,810 (2020–24).
| County | Population2025 | Population change2020–25 | Net domestic migration per 1,000 residents2025 | Homes permitted per 1,000 residents2025 | Median household income2020–24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Columbia County, WA This county | 4,141 | +4.7% | 23.2 | 1.2 | $71,810 |
| Garfield County, WA | 2,416 | +5.2% | 5.8 | 0.0 | $64,884 |
| Walla Walla County, WA | 62,361 | −0.4% | 4.4 | 2.6 | $74,202 |
| Whitman County, WA | 48,512 | +1.5% | 5.2 | 0.5 | $55,406 |
| Franklin County, WA | 102,612 | +5.6% | −0.9 | 7.5 | $86,714 |
| Umatilla County, OR | 81,119 | +1.5% | −0.0 | 2.5 | $67,728 |
| Wallowa County, OR | 7,595 | +2.6% | 1.7 | 2.4 | $67,112 |
Census Bureau population estimates and building permits, American Community Survey 5-year income. Rates per 1,000 residents. – means no figure, or a base too small for a change or rate (it would swing on a few people). A figure from another period shows its year and is left out of the comparison.
Questions
Is Columbia County growing?
Yes. Its population grew 4.7% between 2020 and 2025, about 187 more people (Census Bureau population estimates). Washington as a whole changed +3.5% over the same years. That ranks 17th of 39 counties in Washington for population growth.
How many people moved to Columbia County?
On net, about 96 people in 2025: that many more moved in from other U.S. counties than moved out (Census Bureau net domestic migration estimate).
What is the unemployment rate in Columbia County?
It averaged 4.2% in 2025 (BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics, annual average).
What is the population of Columbia County?
About 4,141 people, according to the U.S. Census Bureau's population estimate for July 1, 2025.
How many jobs are in Columbia County?
Private employers there had 903 paid employees in mid-March 2023, −2.9% since 2018 (Census Bureau County Business Patterns; government jobs and the self-employed are not counted).
What Beacon CRE covers in Washington
Map, parcel and listing layers cover North and South Carolina only for now. This page and the other Washington county pages carry the public federal growth figures.
Columbia County data alerts
Email me when Columbia County gets new Census numbers: population, building permits, jobs and income. About 4 emails a year, one click to stop.
Sources and method
- U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (Vintage 2025)
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
- U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey
- U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates
- U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns
Each number shows its own period. Changes compare the latest period with five years earlier (or the earliest period available). Beacon CRE last refreshed these figures on 2026-11-05. Figures come from public federal statistics and are informational only, not investment advice. Check the source before relying on a number. Methodology: how we compute every number. More on every layer: data sources and licences.
Jobs outside North and South Carolina use County Business Patterns (paid private-sector employees in mid-March); wages and government jobs are not included.