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Monroe County, AL: population growth, jobs and income

Monroe County lost 124 residents between 2024 and 2025 (−0.6%).

Monroe County had an estimated 18,965 residents in 2025, down 3.8% (742 fewer people) since 2020. That is slower than Alabama as a whole (+3.2%), and the 53rd fastest growth of 67 counties in Alabama.

Data as of 2025 · updated

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In the Monroe County report

One-time $99 PDF: everything on this page for Monroe County, ranked against Alabama and the U.S., plus these figures that are not on the free page:

  • Median gross rent$666/mo2020–24
  • Vacant homes, incl. seasonal and second homes27.9%2020–24
  • New homes permitted, last 12 months472025-10/2026-09
  • Rent growth, 5 yearsIn the report
  • Permits in 5+ unit buildingsIn the report
  • IRS income moving in (net AGI)In the report
  • Neighbouring-county comparison tableIn the report

What's inside: 5 pages

  1. 1 Summary, headline numbers and ranks (free preview)
  2. 2 Ranks and the neighbouring-county table
  3. 3 Migration, with IRS mover and income flows
  4. 4 Rent, vacant homes, permits and employers
  5. 5 Every source and the methods
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Headline numbers

What the numbers say

Net domestic migration was negative in 2025: 54 more people moved out to other U.S. counties than moved in.

Private employers had 5,195 paid employees in mid-March 2023, −2.3% since 2018 (County Business Patterns).

Unemployment averaged 5.2% in 2025, 0.1 points higher than in 2019 (before the pandemic).

Builders were authorized to start 37 new homes in 2025, or 2.0 per 1,000 residents.

Median household income was $42,292 in the 2020–24 American Community Survey, +32.3% since 2016–20.

Across the 3,107 U.S. counties with a comparable estimate, its population growth ranks 2,795th.

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Monroe County population by year

Resident population, July 1 estimate (Census Bureau)
YearPopulationChange
202518,965−124
202419,089−178
202319,267−140
202219,407−125
202119,532−175
202019,707–

Census Bureau population estimates, July 1 of each year.

What drove the change in Monroe County

Monroe County lost 742 people since 2020; the biggest drag was natural change (−434).

Components of population change, people (Census Bureau)
Component20252020–25Share
Natural changebirths minus deaths−74−434
International migrationfrom and to other countries+4+17
Domestic migrationfrom and to other U.S. counties−54−328
Census adjustmentbalancing residual+0+3
Total change−124−742

Census Bureau population estimates, components of change, each year July 1 to June 30. The components add up to the change in the estimate; the Census adjustment is the small balancing figure the Bureau publishes.

How it ranks

MeasureIn AlabamaAmong U.S. counties
Population growth53rd of 672,795th of 3,107
Net domestic migration per 1,000 residents50th of 672,326th of 3,108
Private-sector job growth47th of 672,183rd of 3,092
Median household income58th of 672,985th of 3,107
Lowest unemployment rate64th of 672,603rd of 3,108
New homes permitted per 1,000 residents23rd of 671,556th of 3,005

1st = highest (lowest for unemployment). Counties are ranked only against others with a figure for the same period.

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The County Growth and Demographics Report for Monroe County, AL as a PDF, from federal data: population and migration, housing and rents, permits, private employers and jobs, unemployment, ranks in the state and the country, and neighbouring counties, with a source next to every number. Pay once, no subscription.

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Neighbouring counties

Over 2020–25, Monroe County's population change (−3.8%) was ahead of 4 of its 6 neighbouring counties and behind 2 (Escambia County and Baldwin County).

4 of its 6 neighbouring counties had a higher median household income than Monroe County's $42,292 (2020–24).

Monroe County, AL and its 6 neighbouring counties: public federal figures
CountyPopulation2025Population change2020–25Net domestic migration per 1,000 residents2025Homes permitted per 1,000 residents2025Median household income2020–24
Monroe County, AL This county18,965−3.8%−2.82.0$42,292
Conecuh County, AL10,899−5.7%−2.20.1$41,327
Clarke County, AL22,014−4.2%−1.20.5$49,249
Escambia County, AL36,665−0.1%3.90.2$48,225
Wilcox County, AL9,666−8.3%−17.90.0$40,640
Butler County, AL18,100−4.8%−4.50.3$44,755
Baldwin County, AL267,761+14.8%22.510.0$78,775

Census Bureau population estimates and building permits, American Community Survey 5-year income. Rates per 1,000 residents. – means no figure, or a base too small for a change or rate (it would swing on a few people). A figure from another period shows its year and is left out of the comparison.

All 67 Alabama counties · Every state

Questions

Is Monroe County growing?

No. Its population fell 3.8% between 2020 and 2025, about 742 fewer people (Census Bureau population estimates). Alabama as a whole changed +3.2% over the same years. That ranks 53rd of 67 counties in Alabama for population growth.

How many people moved to Monroe County?

On net, none in 2025: about 54 more people moved out to other U.S. counties than moved in (Census Bureau net domestic migration estimate).

What is the unemployment rate in Monroe County?

It averaged 5.2% in 2025 (BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics, annual average).

What is the population of Monroe County?

About 18,965 people, according to the U.S. Census Bureau's population estimate for July 1, 2025.

How many jobs are in Monroe County?

Private employers there had 5,195 paid employees in mid-March 2023, −2.3% since 2018 (Census Bureau County Business Patterns; government jobs and the self-employed are not counted).

What Beacon CRE covers in Alabama

Map, parcel and listing layers cover North and South Carolina only for now. This page and the other Alabama county pages carry the public federal growth figures.

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Monroe County data alerts

Email me when Monroe County gets new Census numbers: population, building permits, jobs and income. About 4 emails a year, one click to stop.

We use your address only to email you when new data for Monroe County is out: what changed, with a link to that county's report. No newsletter, no other sales emails. Delete it any time with the link in every email. We'll email you a link to confirm first; nothing starts until you click it. Privacy notice.

Sources and method

Each number shows its own period. Changes compare the latest period with five years earlier (or the earliest period available). Beacon CRE last refreshed these figures on 2026-11-05. Figures come from public federal statistics and are informational only, not investment advice. Check the source before relying on a number. Methodology: how we compute every number. More on every layer: data sources and licences.

Jobs outside North and South Carolina use County Business Patterns (paid private-sector employees in mid-March); wages and government jobs are not included.