Population
55,172
2025
+4.2% since 2020
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (Vintage 2025), 2025. Resident population, July 1 estimate.
Madison County, ID: population growth, jobs and income
Madison County gained 224 residents between 2024 and 2025 (+0.4%).
Madison County had an estimated 55,172 residents in 2025, up 4.2% (2,222 more people) since 2020. That is slower than Idaho as a whole (+9.8%), and the 39th fastest growth of 43 counties in Idaho.
Data as of 2025 · updated
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In the Madison County report
One-time $99 PDF: everything on this page for Madison County, ranked against Idaho and the U.S., plus these figures that are not on the free page:
- Median gross rent$1,014/mo2020–24
- Vacant homes, incl. seasonal and second homes12.0%2020–24
- New homes permitted, last 12 months8262025-10/2026-09
- Rent growth, 5 yearsIn the report
- Permits in 5+ unit buildingsIn the report
- IRS income moving in (net AGI)In the report
- Neighbouring-county comparison tableIn the report
What's inside: 5 pages
- 1 Summary, headline numbers and ranks (free preview)
- 2 Ranks and the neighbouring-county table
- 3 Migration, with IRS mover and income flows
- 4 Rent, vacant homes, permits and employers
- 5 Every source and the methods
Headline numbers
Net domestic migration
−775
2025
−14.0 per 1,000 residents
−3,503 in total, 2021–2025
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (Vintage 2025), 2025. People moving in from other U.S. counties minus people moving out.
Unemployment rate
3.7%
2025
+1.1 pts since 2019
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, 2025. Annual average unemployment rate.
New homes permitted
842
2025
+146.2% since 2021
15.3 per 1,000 residents
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2025. Housing units authorized by building permits in the year.
Median household income
$60,160
2020–24
+35.4% since 2016–20
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020–24. American Community Survey 5-year estimate.
Private-sector employment
21,463
2023
+13.2% since 2018
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Paid employees of private employers in mid-March (County Business Patterns).
What the numbers say
Net domestic migration was negative in 2025: 775 more people moved out to other U.S. counties than moved in.
Private employers had 21,463 paid employees in mid-March 2023, +13.2% since 2018 (County Business Patterns).
Unemployment averaged 3.7% in 2025, 1.1 points higher than in 2019 (before the pandemic).
Builders were authorized to start 842 new homes in 2025, or 15.3 per 1,000 residents.
Median household income was $60,160 in the 2020–24 American Community Survey, +35.4% since 2016–20.
Across the 3,107 U.S. counties with a comparable estimate, its population growth ranks 741st.
Part of the Rexburg, ID micro area.
Get Madison County’s next numbers by email
Email me when Madison County gets new Census numbers: population, building permits, jobs and income. About 4 emails a year, one click to stop.
Madison County population by year
| Year | Population | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 55,172 | +224 |
| 2024 | 54,948 | +129 |
| 2023 | 54,819 | −432 |
| 2022 | 55,251 | +1,125 |
| 2021 | 54,126 | +1,176 |
| 2020 | 52,950 | – |
Census Bureau population estimates, July 1 of each year.
What drove the change in Madison County
Madison County grew by 2,222 people since 2020 even though 3,503 more residents moved to other U.S. counties than came from them: births outnumbered deaths by 4,273, and net international migration added 1,428.
| Component | 2025 | 2020–25 | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural changebirths minus deaths | +819 | +4,273 | |
| International migrationfrom and to other countries | +186 | +1,428 | |
| Domestic migrationfrom and to other U.S. counties | −775 | −3,503 | |
| Census adjustmentbalancing residual | −6 | +24 | |
| Total change | +224 | +2,222 |
Census Bureau population estimates, components of change, each year July 1 to June 30. The components add up to the change in the estimate; the Census adjustment is the small balancing figure the Bureau publishes.
How it ranks
| Measure | In Idaho | Among U.S. counties |
|---|---|---|
| Population growth | 39th of 43 | 741st of 3,107 |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residents | 41st of 43 | 2,977th of 3,108 |
| Private-sector job growth | 22nd of 43 | 463rd of 3,092 |
| Median household income | 35th of 43 | 2,046th of 3,107 |
| Lowest unemployment rate | 20th of 43 | 1,147th of 3,108 |
| New homes permitted per 1,000 residents | 4th of 43 | 34th of 3,005 |
1st = highest (lowest for unemployment). Counties are ranked only against others with a figure for the same period.
Get the county report — $99
The County Growth and Demographics Report for Madison County, ID as a PDF, from federal data: population and migration, housing and rents, permits, private employers and jobs, unemployment, ranks in the state and the country, and neighbouring counties, with a source next to every number. Pay once, no subscription.
Add 2 neighbouring counties for $50: the Bonneville County and Jefferson County reports too, $149 for all 3.
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Neighbouring counties
Madison County grew more slowly than all 4 of its neighbouring counties (+4.2%, 2020–25).
Its median household income ($60,160, 2020–24) is lower than in all 4 of its neighbouring counties.
| County | Population2025 | Population change2020–25 | Net domestic migration per 1,000 residents2025 | Homes permitted per 1,000 residents2025 | Median household income2020–24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Madison County, ID This county | 55,172 | +4.2% | −14.0 | 15.3 | $60,160 |
| Teton County, ID | 13,254 | +12.9% | 3.7 | 29.0 | $99,805 |
| Bonneville County, ID | 135,771 | +8.9% | 8.9 | 9.0 | $79,068 |
| Fremont County, ID | 14,208 | +5.9% | −14.5 | 11.0 | $72,683 |
| Jefferson County, ID | 35,297 | +13.6% | 6.3 | 8.8 | $86,679 |
Census Bureau population estimates and building permits, American Community Survey 5-year income. Rates per 1,000 residents. – means no figure, or a base too small for a change or rate (it would swing on a few people). A figure from another period shows its year and is left out of the comparison.
Questions
Is Madison County growing?
Yes. Its population grew 4.2% between 2020 and 2025, about 2,222 more people (Census Bureau population estimates). Idaho as a whole changed +9.8% over the same years. That ranks 39th of 43 counties in Idaho for population growth.
How many people moved to Madison County?
On net, none in 2025: about 775 more people moved out to other U.S. counties than moved in (Census Bureau net domestic migration estimate).
What is the unemployment rate in Madison County?
It averaged 3.7% in 2025 (BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics, annual average).
What is the population of Madison County?
About 55,172 people, according to the U.S. Census Bureau's population estimate for July 1, 2025.
How many jobs are in Madison County?
Private employers there had 21,463 paid employees in mid-March 2023, +13.2% since 2018 (Census Bureau County Business Patterns; government jobs and the self-employed are not counted).
What Beacon CRE covers in Idaho
Map, parcel and listing layers cover North and South Carolina only for now. This page and the other Idaho county pages carry the public federal growth figures.
Madison County data alerts
Email me when Madison County gets new Census numbers: population, building permits, jobs and income. About 4 emails a year, one click to stop.
Sources and method
- U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (Vintage 2025)
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
- U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey
- U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates
- U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns
Each number shows its own period. Changes compare the latest period with five years earlier (or the earliest period available). Beacon CRE last refreshed these figures on 2026-11-05. Figures come from public federal statistics and are informational only, not investment advice. Check the source before relying on a number. Methodology: how we compute every number. More on every layer: data sources and licences.
Jobs outside North and South Carolina use County Business Patterns (paid private-sector employees in mid-March); wages and government jobs are not included.