Population
166,472
2025
+1.7% since 2020
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (Vintage 2025), 2025. Resident population, July 1 estimate.
Rock County, WI: population growth, jobs and income
Rock County gained 807 residents between 2024 and 2025 (+0.5%).
Rock County had an estimated 166,472 residents in 2025, up 1.7% (2,709 more people) since 2020. That is faster than Wisconsin as a whole (+1.3%), and the 30th fastest growth of 72 counties in Wisconsin.
Data as of 2025 · updated
14-day full refund · Stripe, Apple Pay or Google Pay · Instant PDF + CSV · Sold by Simply Stats LLC (NC)
How we compute every number · Refund terms
In the Rock County report
One-time $99 PDF: everything on this page for Rock County, ranked against Wisconsin and the U.S., plus these figures that are not on the free page:
- Median gross rent$1,037/mo2020–24
- Vacant homes, incl. seasonal and second homes5.5%2020–24
- New homes permitted, last 12 months4132025-10/2026-09
- Rent growth, 5 yearsIn the report
- Permits in 5+ unit buildingsIn the report
- IRS income moving in (net AGI)In the report
- Neighbouring-county comparison tableIn the report
What's inside: 5 pages
- 1 Summary, headline numbers and ranks (free preview)
- 2 Ranks and the neighbouring-county table
- 3 Migration, with IRS mover and income flows
- 4 Rent, vacant homes, permits and employers
- 5 Every source and the methods
Headline numbers
Net domestic migration
+764
2025
4.6 per 1,000 residents
+2,021 in total, 2021–2025
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (Vintage 2025), 2025. People moving in from other U.S. counties minus people moving out.
Unemployment rate
3.5%
2025
−0.1 pts since 2019
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics, 2025. Annual average unemployment rate.
New homes permitted
388
2025
−37.1% since 2021
2.3 per 1,000 residents
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, 2025. Housing units authorized by building permits in the year.
Median household income
$75,673
2020–24
+27.1% since 2016–20
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020–24. American Community Survey 5-year estimate.
Private-sector employment
64,537
2023
+4.5% since 2018
Source: U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns, 2023. Paid employees of private employers in mid-March (County Business Patterns).
What the numbers say
Net domestic migration added 764 people in 2025: more people moved in from other U.S. counties than moved out.
Private employers had 64,537 paid employees in mid-March 2023, +4.5% since 2018 (County Business Patterns).
Unemployment averaged 3.5% in 2025, 0.1 points lower than in 2019 (before the pandemic).
Builders were authorized to start 388 new homes in 2025, or 2.3 per 1,000 residents.
Median household income was $75,673 in the 2020–24 American Community Survey, +27.1% since 2016–20.
Across the 3,107 U.S. counties with a comparable estimate, its population growth ranks 1,372nd.
Part of the Janesville-Beloit, WI metro area.
Get Rock County’s next numbers by email
Email me when Rock County gets new Census numbers: population, building permits, jobs and income. About 4 emails a year, one click to stop.
Rock County population by year
| Year | Population | Change |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 166,472 | +807 |
| 2024 | 165,665 | +1,046 |
| 2023 | 164,619 | +665 |
| 2022 | 163,954 | −196 |
| 2021 | 164,150 | +387 |
| 2020 | 163,763 | – |
Census Bureau population estimates, July 1 of each year.
What drove the change in Rock County
Rock County grew by 2,709 people since 2020; the largest part came from domestic migration (+2,021).
| Component | 2025 | 2020–25 | Share |
|---|---|---|---|
| Natural changebirths minus deaths | +72 | −72 | |
| International migrationfrom and to other countries | −33 | +777 | |
| Domestic migrationfrom and to other U.S. counties | +764 | +2,021 | |
| Census adjustmentbalancing residual | +4 | −17 | |
| Total change | +807 | +2,709 |
Census Bureau population estimates, components of change, each year July 1 to June 30. The components add up to the change in the estimate; the Census adjustment is the small balancing figure the Bureau publishes.
How it ranks
| Measure | In Wisconsin | Among U.S. counties |
|---|---|---|
| Population growth | 30th of 72 | 1,372nd of 3,107 |
| Net domestic migration per 1,000 residents | 21st of 72 | 1,120th of 3,108 |
| Private-sector job growth | 13th of 72 | 1,273rd of 3,092 |
| Median household income | 25th of 72 | 791st of 3,107 |
| Lowest unemployment rate | 39th of 72 | 1,004th of 3,108 |
| New homes permitted per 1,000 residents | 63rd of 72 | 1,391st of 3,005 |
1st = highest (lowest for unemployment). Counties are ranked only against others with a figure for the same period.
Get the county report — $99
The County Growth and Demographics Report for Rock County, WI as a PDF, from federal data: population and migration, housing and rents, permits, private employers and jobs, unemployment, ranks in the state and the country, and neighbouring counties, with a source next to every number. Pay once, no subscription.
Add 2 neighbouring counties for $50: the Dane County and Winnebago County reports too, $149 for all 3.
Preview page 1 of the Rock County report (free, PDF) · See a full 5-page sample (PDF) · Other counties and options
Every purchase also includes a CSV of every table in the report, ready for a spreadsheet.
- Not useful? Email us within 14 days for a full refund
- Sold by Simply Stats LLC (NC)
- Secure Stripe checkout (Apple Pay/Google Pay)
- Instant PDF download
- PDF + CSV of every table
Refund terms: Terms. · How we compute every number
Neighbouring counties
Over 2020–25, Rock County's population change (+1.7%) was ahead of 5 of its 6 neighbouring counties and behind 1 (Dane County).
5 of its 6 neighbouring counties had a higher median household income than Rock County's $75,673 (2020–24).
| County | Population2025 | Population change2020–25 | Net domestic migration per 1,000 residents2025 | Homes permitted per 1,000 residents2025 | Median household income2020–24 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rock County, WI This county | 166,472 | +1.7% | 4.6 | 2.3 | $75,673 |
| Winnebago County, IL | 283,674 | −0.4% | 0.6 | 1.1 | $65,837 |
| Boone County, IL | 53,568 | +0.4% | −0.1 | 1.3 | $84,571 |
| Jefferson County, WI | 86,505 | +0.3% | −1.7 | 4.9 | $83,750 |
| Dane County, WI | 590,375 | +4.9% | 0.6 | 11.2 | $89,975 |
| Green County, WI | 37,227 | +0.5% | 0.5 | 2.2 | $82,852 |
| Walworth County, WI | 106,127 | +0.8% | 0.8 | 6.5 | $80,520 |
Census Bureau population estimates and building permits, American Community Survey 5-year income. Rates per 1,000 residents. – means no figure, or a base too small for a change or rate (it would swing on a few people). A figure from another period shows its year and is left out of the comparison.
Questions
Is Rock County growing?
Yes. Its population grew 1.7% between 2020 and 2025, about 2,709 more people (Census Bureau population estimates). Wisconsin as a whole changed +1.3% over the same years. That ranks 30th of 72 counties in Wisconsin for population growth.
How many people moved to Rock County?
On net, about 764 people in 2025: that many more moved in from other U.S. counties than moved out (Census Bureau net domestic migration estimate).
What is the unemployment rate in Rock County?
It averaged 3.5% in 2025 (BLS Local Area Unemployment Statistics, annual average).
What is the population of Rock County?
About 166,472 people, according to the U.S. Census Bureau's population estimate for July 1, 2025.
How many jobs are in Rock County?
Private employers there had 64,537 paid employees in mid-March 2023, +4.5% since 2018 (Census Bureau County Business Patterns; government jobs and the self-employed are not counted).
What Beacon CRE covers in Wisconsin
Map, parcel and listing layers cover North and South Carolina only for now. This page and the other Wisconsin county pages carry the public federal growth figures.
Rock County data alerts
Email me when Rock County gets new Census numbers: population, building permits, jobs and income. About 4 emails a year, one click to stop.
Sources and method
- U.S. Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program (Vintage 2025)
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
- U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey
- U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates
- U.S. Census Bureau, County Business Patterns
Each number shows its own period. Changes compare the latest period with five years earlier (or the earliest period available). Beacon CRE last refreshed these figures on 2026-11-05. Figures come from public federal statistics and are informational only, not investment advice. Check the source before relying on a number. Methodology: how we compute every number. More on every layer: data sources and licences.
Jobs outside North and South Carolina use County Business Patterns (paid private-sector employees in mid-March); wages and government jobs are not included.